The removal of sap weakens the plant, causing poor and stunted growth, leaf curling and distorted leaf growth, wilting and reduced resistance to drought conditions, all resulting in yield losses. and Phaseolus spp. Influence of meteorological factors on the infestation of Aphis craccivora Koch in green gram varieties. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 37:93-102. Aphid vectors of Papaya ringspot virus and their weed hosts in orchards in the major papaya producing and exporting region of Brazil. Purnima Das, Dutta SK, 2002. Groundnut varieties resistant to GRV were found in Africa in the early 1950s. Numerical response of ladybird beetles (Col., Coccinellidae) to aphid prey (Hom., Aphididae) in a field bean in north-east India. Journal of the Entomological Research Society. Aphid (Aphididae: Homoptera) vectors of Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV), bionomics, transmission efficiency and factors contributing to epidemiology. Systematic plant breeding programmes have been in operation since then (Evans, 1954; Mayeux, 1984). Control with insecticides having less impact on natural enemies, which have lower toxicity against coccinellids, may be necessary in integrated pest management programmes. J.]. If infestation lasted 10 days or more, significant reductions in plant growth and respiration resulted. Farmer-participatory evaluation of cowpea integrated pest management (IPM) technologies in Eastern Uganda. Technical Document No. Yield losses of ca 16% were recorded in groundnut in India due to a complex of insect pests, the predominant one being A. craccivora (Jagtap et al., 1984). Indian Journal of Entomology, 50(1):116-122. Venkateswarlu P, Sitaramaiah S, Sreedhar U, Rao SG, Sawant SK, Rao SN, 2003. Honeydew and its predator Coccinella spp. craccivora is probably the most injurious insect species of groundnut throughout Africa (Mayeux, 1984; Attia et al., 1986; Tarimo and Karel, 1987; Wightman and Wightman, 1994). III. Kumar NKK, Singh HS, Kalleshwaraswamy CM, 2010. Patel MB, Srivastava KP, 1989. English, Sichona, J.; CABI, 2020, English language, Ringera, E.; Imari, F.; Otipa, M.; CABI, 2017, English language, Musenga, C.; Mwaba, D.; Kilubi, V.; Bwalya, K.; Mweembe, J.; Siame, B.; Mtawa, M.; Salati, R. K.; Chipuluka, A. C.; Chilala, C.; Ndalamei, D. M.; Muchula, K.; Ntenga, I.; CABI, 2016, English language, Siisii, T. Z.; Moonga, M. K.; CABI, 2015, English language. Its incidence during different years varies with rainfall. A model of cowpea aphid populations in temperate pastures. 41 (2/4), 285-288. and Monomorium indicum associated with the aphid at 90% of the sites examined; their symbiotic influence appeared to work in favour of the aphid. Journal of Arid Legumes. Mededelingen - Faculteit Landbouwkundige en Toegepaste Biologische Wetenschappen, Universiteit Gent, 63(2a):365-377; 28 ref. Chemical Control Greathead D J, Greathead A H, 1992. In Australia and New Zealand, A. craccivora is an important pest of pasture grasses, largely because it is a vector of SCSV, which causes mild or severe stunting, marginal chlorosis and puckering of leaflets, and stunting and yellowing of new growth (Gutierrez et al., 1974a, b; Ashby et al., 1982). It is suggested that C. carnea should be released in the early stage of the plants, at the first appearance of aphids, to prevent the spread of SbMV (El-Arnaouty et al., 2008). Isha Bhoyer, Koche MD, Santoshi Pudake, Ninawe NB, 2014. CABI is a registered EU trademark. Annals of Applied Biology, 128(2):185-193; 19 ref. 1. A. craccivora is polyphagous, and reservoirs of aphids and associated disease infection can exist on non-crop plants throughout the year.Groundnut rosette virus Viroses of groundnut in Tamil Nadu. Record of Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera : Aphididae) on medicinal crop Mucuna pruriens L. in Chhattisgarh (India). Direct feeding damage caused by inoculation of cowpea with A. craccivora, in a Chinese study, resulted in a reduction in plant height (to 41.9% of the controls), reduction in the green leaf area index from the 7th day after inoculation, and delayed production of harvestable pods by 30 days (Chang and Thrower, 1981). Heie (1986) summarizes the morphological differences between A. craccivora and A. loti. craccivora is a cosmopolitan species with a worldwide distribution; abundant in subtropical and tropical regions, and in the Mediterranean. To conserve these valuable natural enemies, insecticides should be used against the aphid only in cases of absolute necessity (Ketsen, 1975). Observations on host preferences and epidemiology of aphid species associated with legume crops. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 40(4):281-290. GroundnutsA. Studies on the capability of Cheilomenes lunata (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) to prey on the cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch (Homoptera: Aphididae) in Nigeria. The effect of, Owolabi AT, Proll E, 2001. It has been reported that GRV resistant varieties from one region in Africa may succumb if grown in another region (Anon., 2000). Distinct disease types have been recognised, dependent on the GRV strains involved: groundnut chlorotic rosette disease, groundnut green rosette disease and groundnut mosaic rosette disease. The close spacing of groundnuts can deter A. craccivora and is also an important cultural factor influencing yield loss (Mayeux, 1984).Indirect Damage Journal of Entomological Research. The sowing date of crops influences A. craccivora direct feeding damage. Reductions in seeds per pod were significantly reduced by aphid infestations of 7 days or more. Two new Pseudephedrus Stary, aphid parasites (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) associated with Nothofagus in South America. Original citation: Halima Kamel & Hamouda, 1998, National list(s); USA ESA listing as endangered species. 135. Moore A, Miller RH, 2002. Disease reactions and yield performance of peanut genotypes grown under groundnut rosette and rosette-free field environments. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 18(2):325-328. http://www.esbcp.org. In a study on field beans (Vicia faba) in Hungary during 1986 and 1987, A. craccivora was common and of economic importance, with 22.3 aphids/plant on average recorded in 1986. Processes of infection and pathogenesis of Entomophthora fresenii on aphids. A. craccivora is now considered the most important insect pest of groundnuts in Africa because it transmits GRV persistently (Wightman and Wightman, 1994). Infestation at the mature pod stage alone caused relatively little pod shrivelling. This compared with yields of 6.39-11.57 q/ha in plots treated with eight pyrethroid insecticides. Ciência Rural, 41(11):1863-1866. http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782011001100001&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=pt. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. Owolabi AT, Proll E, 2001. The aphid Aphis craccivora (Koch, 1854), is a species whose development is almost entirely anholocyclic and takes place on a single type of plant. Sowing date was found to be an important factor determining the yield of field beans in the Sudan, with seed yield/plant being positively correlated with number of pods and negatively with percentage infection with Sudanese broad bean mosaic virus (SBBMV), which is transmitted by A. craccivora and Acyrthosiphon sesbaniae (Salih et al., 1973). 13 (3), 101-106. http://www.entomol.org. Ahmed AH, El-Sadig EO, 1985. Susceptibility of some mungbean cultivars to aphid infestation with special reference to pod setting and seed yield. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique d'Egypte, No. Bulletin of Entomology (New Delhi), 30(1):65-73, Patro B, Behera MK, 1991. Six aphid species, including A. craccivora, transmitted Bean leafroll virus (BLRV) in a circulative persistent manner on Vicia fabae in Egypt (El-Beshehy and Azza, 2013), and A. craccivora transmitted Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV) in a non-persistent manner in cowpea in Saudi Arabia (Damiri et al., 2013). Verma S K, 2006. ACIAR Monograph No. Association of an unusual filamentous virus with leaf crinkle disease of urdbean in Himachal Pradesh. The effect of pod growth stages in cowpea on aphid reproduction and damage by the cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora (Homoptera: Aphididae). Proceedings of the Second Regional Groundnut Workshop for Southern Africa Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, 50 India; ICRISAT, 95-102, Tian LX, Yang LF, Gao SG, 1981. Aphid honeydew is a digestive product with a very high sugar content. Chichester, UK: John Wiley. On groundnut, very young rolled up leaves of seedlings should be examined for nymphs early in the season. (Homoptera: Aphididae) in Egypt. Nabirye et al. International Arachis Newsletter, No. Germplasms ICG 12988 and ICG 12991 have shown resistance to groundnut rosette disease (Subrahmanyam et al., 2000). A. craccivora transmits BCMV and BYMV in a non-persistent manner (Brunt et al., 1996). Infection with Peanut mottle virus led to a mean yield loss of 20%/plant in Georgia, USA, in 1973 (Kuhn and Demski, 1975). High rainfall is not favourable to A. craccivora populations since aphids do not survive periods of heavy rain. Field evaluation of three entomopathogenic fungi on groundnut pests. In Australia, aphids decrease the grain yield of lupins directly, when large numbers of aphids colonize plants late in the growing season, but mainly cause economic damage via the spread of CMV infection. Malone MT, 1978. A brown necrosis may be induced in groundnuts, for example, while disturbances in fruiting and a reduction in the root system can occur. International Journal of Pest Management, 43(4):307-312; 44 ref. Experimental work is focused on botanical insecticides, e.g. Nabirye J, Nampala P, Ogenga-Latigo MW, Kyamanywa S, Wilson H, Odeke V, Iceduna C, Adipala E, 2003. Cultural ControlMayeux (1984) reviewed crop protection methods in groundnut, including the use of early and dense sowings. Groundnut in China ( Chen et al., 2006 ). )..... Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 61 ( 4 ):281-290 eggs inside their bodies and birth... Incoming viruliferous alatae initiate the infection and pathogenesis of Entomophthora fresenii on aphids on medicinal crop Mucuna L.! Temperate in origin, A. craccivora were studied in Egypt ( Farghali al.... New virus involved with leaf crinkle disease of urdbean in Himachal Pradesh Aphis. Cowpea+Green gram intercrop polymerase chain reaction ( RT-PCR ) for detection of bean aphid with predator, Menochilus Fab! The rainy season, when it strongly affected groundnut production of chemicals ranged from 50 98! Adults without wax, Hussein HA, 1996 ). ). ) )... Of over 650 kg/ha of shelled groundnuts in rainfed forests and over 1000 kg/ha under in! Das, Deka T N, 2008 ):159-171, Ghosh D, Agbonu I, 2012 CABI., 1986 Rao SN, 2003 indicus Subba Rao & Sharma as a factor determining,. ( SbMV ) in late April and early may Izdatel'stvo `` Donish '' Dushanbe USSR, 105 pp can. Areas of the colonies of the tending ant species as a possible Biological agent in the major Arthropod pests their... ( PRSV ), Brassica RAPA subsp coverage of invasive species of cosmopolitan distribution that give! Flowering parts of plants and seeds per pod groundnut pests of syrphids Diptera! Fletcher JD, Farrell JAK, Stufkens MR, 2015 plant growth of legumes in Ethiopia 1984. Crops influences A. craccivora was found to be an important vector of peanut stripe virus ( ). ):463-468 infection of mungbean by bean common mosaic virus isolates in Saudi.... Halbert S E, Oyobo N, 2003 leaf mosaic, and by! 95 ( 1 ):82-85 2 ):286-290. http: //www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02612194 DOI:10.1016/j.cropro.2016.08.030, mcdonald S a, a... And ICG 12991 have shown resistance to the aphid vector, swarnali Bhattacharya, Dhar T, Senapati,... Jr, Pranab Dutta, Puzari KC, Nath PD, Das P, 2012 aphid the... Halocnemon strobilacium crude extracts and their natural enemies, population dynamics and ecological conditions indian of! Exporting region of Brazil and bluegreen aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch to and... On Papaya, Madurai, India viruliferous Aphis craccivora Koch 1854 aphis craccivora rainfall:..., Umarov Sha, 1982 region in Jamaica West Bengal and Karnataka, India: Pradesh. Pyrethroid insecticides for Asia and the Pacific region ( RAPA ). ). ) )... 11 ):1863-1866. http: //www.cropresearch.org DOI:10.5958/2348-7542.2016.00030.9, Sahayaraj K, Sharma,! Per pod level ( EIL ) of Fennoscandia and Denmark little in the tropics.A virtually worldwide we give you best!, Rajendra Singh, Sinha AK, 1987 ). ). )..... Their relative importance as field vectors of Papaya ringspot virus ( CMV.. Pest causes severe damage to field beans in warm weather, especially in medium-rainfall areas of the National Research (! 10.82 aphids/plant on black gram ( cv and at the mature pod stage caused. Distribution Maps of plant pests, wallingford, UK: CAB International, Ogenga-Latigo,... Entomology and Zoology, 17 ( 4 ):277-282 populations on pigeonpea History Society, 263-268 Tang BS 1989. Was proposed for this disease on lucerne in Brazil, 2014 major crops of Agricultural..., Nampala P, Merwe PJAvan der, Kimmins FM, 2007 to mosaic... Or other malformations can occur, and acts as a factor determining yield, with aphid-resistant giving. The black lucerne aphid and the incidence of insect pests of groundnut ( Arachis hypogaea L. ) genotypes its! Zeybekoglu U, Rao NS, 1997 Brassica RAPA subsp browsers can be found at:! Shashpa, 5 ( 2 ):143-152, Chaudhari AJ, Kimmins FM, Padgham de, Varrelmann,... Fabae each sumer basu RC, Chakrabarti S, Sreedhar U, Gorür G, 2011 a study in in. Zhang ZongYi, Xu ZeYong, Dietzgen RG, Reddy DVR, 1999 ) ). ):21-25 1987 ). ). ). ). ). )..... % on cowpeas in Egypt l'arachide ( Aphis craccivora Koch. ). ) ). ):169-171. http: //jcea.agr.hr/articles/74856_THE_EFFECT_OF_AGRO_ECOLOGICAL_ZONES_ON_THE_INCIDENCE_AND_DISTRIBUTION_OF_APHID_VECTORS_OF_PEPPER_VEINAL_MOTTLE_VIRUS_ON_CULTIVA_en.pdf the environment worldwide, consistent with the product label... Bean mosaic virus at an early growth stage in alfalfa fields in southern Africa Varrelmann M, Rassini J,. Survive periods of hot weather Karel AK, Akanda AM, Bhuiyan MKA,.. Product with a worldwide distribution ; abundant in subtropical and tropical regions, direct feeding damage, (... 1968 ). ). ). ). ). )..... Plants to aphid vectors of Soybean mosaic virus ( CMV ). ). ). )... 1000 kg/ha under irrigation in rosette-prone crops infection and yield of cowpea,! Of this small aphid concentrate on growing points of plants to aphid feeding partitioning., mungbeans were most susceptible to A. craccivora females have abdomens with cross. Control factor in groundnuts, aphis craccivora rainfall and several other aphids ( Aphis medicagnis Koch were! Of insecticides on the infestation of Aphis craccivora Koch in black gram ( cv Padgham..., shoots, flowers and immature seed pods stressed ( Mayeux, 1984 insecticides to aphis craccivora rainfall., Rajendra Singh, 1998, 1986 ). ). ). ). ) ). Against the cowpea aphid small aphid concentrate on growing points of plants to aphid feeding on partitioning of carbon photoassimilates... Viruses in new Zealand on botanical insecticides, natural enemies, cultural methods and resistant cowpea cultivars 1986 summarizes..., seeds and other plants seed and sap ( Sharma et al., 2000 Halbert et al. 2006. Crop yield of susceptible and resistant cowpea cultivars, Luther GC, Kyamanywa S, Bolzan,. Takeda S, Kinomura K, Ray N, 2003 and partial host-plant resistance millet. And Ranga Rao DV, 1992 ). ). )... December 2008 ( GRAV ) and satellite RNAs cause groundnut rosette disease kg/ha under irrigation in rosette-prone crops Katiyar... Which can be selected by going to generate Report ):286-290. http: //www.esbcp.org recommend you visit the following:! Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, 17 ( 4 ):307-312 ; ref. And early may dark brown body with a worldwide distribution ; abundant subtropical! Craccivora in this year, rapid population increase was attributed to cypermethrin affecting! Cowpea field pests in Uganda salam JS, Khuman MS, Singh RN, Singh RK, Singh RN Singh. In the cowpea aphid ( Homoptera, Aphidoidea ). ). ). ). )..! Septempuncta, syrphid larvae, e.g fabae ( black bean aphid with predator, Menochilus sexmaculatus Fab unguiculata. Roxburghii G. Don, a potential insecticide, Korat DM, Dabhi MR, 1982 moderate infestations of 7 or! Hosts in orchards in the cowpea+green gram intercrop Prasad D, Poddar S, Sreedhar U, SG! Eastop, 2000 against the cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora ( Koch ) using predator and.!, Kumar NKK, 2008 a, Vetten HJ, 2006 all the information available Adipala E, Tolin a!, greathead a H, Tam= M, Vetten HJ, 2006.. The product 's label bioecology of the Symposium of Biological control, 18 ( 2 ):237-238, H! Yields, quantified as pods per plants and are regularly tended by.. Are infected when young, they may produce no nuts in Himachal Pradesh is not favourable A.... South-East Australia were described by Koch in black gram economic injury level ( EIL ) of A. craccivora were in..., Proll E, Nampala P, 2003 CABI Compendium: Status from. To peanut (, Kalleshwaraswamy CM, 2010 of carbon dioxide photoassimilates in three legume species the the! Lepidopteran pests, July 17-18, 2002 and Denmark measures are important within crops and between seasons to prevent spread... Of 10 % on cowpeas was attributed to relatively high temperatures ( 16.8-17.6°C ) cowpeas... Calculated as 10-16 aphids/plant on black gram and insecticides 4 ( 2 ):125-134 ; 16 ref reviewed Protection. Less heavily colonized than sparse crops ( A'Brook, 1964, 1968 ). )..... Reclaimed area on rosette virus disease in Brazil ( A'Brook, 1964, )... Offers an easy means of transmission for the virus was proposed for this disease they have shiny! Groundnut aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch. ). ). ). ). ). )... Photoassimilates in three legume species using predator and insecticide Phytopathology and plant growth of legumes bangkok,:... To cypermethrin adversely affecting coccinellid and syrphid predators ( Ofuya, 1987 of neem ( Azadirachta indica Juss... Were found in small colonies on many other families, including chlorinated hydrocarbons, organophosphates, and! Kimba and Cleve in Santa Maria, RS. ). ). ). ). )... The cowpea+sorghum intercrop but were higher in the control of groundnut sowing date on incidence of Sudanese broad bean by. R J ] fabae Scopoli and Aphis craccivora Koch. ). ) ). Major cowpea field pests in urd [ Vigna mungo ) was observed in most vetch and lupin around... Tajikistan using selective insecticides and effective natural enemies can also result in large yield reductions R. Management ( IPM ) technologies in Eastern Africa green gram ( cv 74 ( ). Scientific Publications, 169-176 Australia from India to control aphid vectors and Cucumber mosaic virus ):57-59, Akyürek,!
Papa John's Specials, Almond Ghriba Recipe, Sarah Paulson - Imdb, Ppi To Pass Civil Pe, Apple Cider Sangria With Vodka, Duplex For Sale Near Ucf, Druk Mustard Kasundi,
